How To Obtain a Customs Assigned Importer Number (CAIN) — Steps For Importers

Customs Assigned Importer Number (CAIN) An importer number assigned by U.S. Customs and Border Protection to an importer that does not use an IRS EIN or SSN for customs purposes.

When an importer lacks an IRS EIN or SSN, obtaining a Customs Assigned Importer Number (CAIN) lets shipments clear U.S. customs. The process typically involves coordination between the importer, customs broker, and the port’s CBP office. This article outlines practical steps to request a CAIN, documentation commonly required, and operational tips to prevent delays.

Step 1 — Confirm That You Really Need A CAIN

Before requesting a CAIN, determine whether you can obtain and use an EIN instead. If you expect ongoing U.S. commerce or registration with other U.S. agencies, applying for an EIN via the IRS is usually faster and better for long-term operations. Use a CAIN only when an EIN/SSN is not available in time for clearance.

Step 2 — Engage A Licensed Customs Broker

Customs brokers routinely request CAINs on behalf of importers. They know the local port procedures and can submit ACE entries with temporary identifiers. If you don’t already have a broker, select one familiar with your commodity and port to avoid errors that can delay CAIN assignment or clearance.

Step 3 — Provide Required Information

• Importer Identity: Full legal name of the company or individual as it should appear in CBP records.
• Address: Physical address (and mailing address if different) for the importer of record.
• Contact Details: Phone and email for customs and compliance queries.
• Proof of Business: Articles of incorporation, foreign business registration, or other documentation that establishes the importer’s legal existence when requested.

Step 4 — Broker Submits Request/Files ACE Entry

The broker will file an ACE entry or a manual entry at the port and indicate that the importer lacks an EIN/SSN. CBP will assign a CAIN within their systems, at which point the number is used on the entry documents and any subsequent filings. Retain the broker’s confirmation and the CAIN in your records.

Step 5 — Recordkeeping And Follow-Up

Record the assigned CAIN, importer name, and the date of assignment. If you later obtain an EIN, notify your broker and CBP to update future filings. Keep copies of all correspondence and the broker’s ACE confirmations since auditors will request proof of the importer identifier used at time of entry.

Common Problems And How To Avoid Them

• Mismatched Data: Ensure importer name and address are consistent across bills of lading, invoices, and entries to avoid CBP holds.
• Expect Delays For Complex Cases: When multiple parties claim importer responsibility (e.g., consignee vs. purchaser), clarify roles in writing before arrival.
• Documentation Gaps: Provide the broker with corporate documents or letters of authority so CBP can verify the entity if requested.

When To Convert A CAIN To An EIN

Obtain an EIN as soon as you establish a persistent U.S. presence or when regulations for your products require a U.S. tax ID. After receiving an EIN, instruct your broker to use it on future ACE entries and request CBP to link historical CAIN records to the new EIN where possible. This reduces confusion in duty payment, bonding, and audit trails.

In short, the Customs Assigned Importer Number (CAIN) is a practical, CBP-issued solution that enables customs clearance for importers without an IRS EIN or SSN. Work with your customs broker, provide clear documentation, and migrate to an EIN when your U.S. operations become ongoing to simplify compliance and recordkeeping.