Evaluate multimodal access (highway, rail, port proximity), number of carrier partners and cross‑dock capacity; measure average dock appointments per hour, yard space for trailers, and on‑site transload capability. Prioritize WMS/WCS compatibility for routing and SLA reporting to quantify cost‑to‑serve and transit improvements.

Operating costs (rent, utilities, local taxes) and labor supply drive fixed and variable cost modeling. Choose 3PLs with flexible labor agreements, scalable staffing plans, and automated pick/pack tech to control peak wages and shrink unit costs as volumes grow.

Require SKU‑level inventory visibility, same‑day/next‑day picking, batch and single‑unit picking workflows, returns processing, kitting/assembly and seamless marketplace integrations. Confirm SLAs for order accuracy, on‑time shipments and exception handling.

Ask about the 3PL’s carrier roster, contracted service levels, real‑time tracking feeds, daily tender capacities, and contingency plans for surges. Verify dock appointment throughput, staging processes and historical on‑time performance during peak windows.

Request access to demo WMS dashboards, sample KPI reports (OTD, order accuracy, picks per hour), EDI/API integration specs, and data export capability. Assess reporting cadence, SLA penalties, and ability to segment cost‑to‑serve by channel, SKU and geography.