Prioritize transit times to core markets, SLA definitions (pick, pack, ship), inventory accuracy metrics, reverse logistics capability, and the 3PL’s carrier integrations. Also assess warehouse layout for pick-path efficiency, scalability of racking and labor, and contingency plans for seasonal peaks.

Proximity to major corridors reduces road transit and lowers fuel and drayage costs, while river and rail options (where available) can improve bulk inbound rates. Carrier density affects last-mile choices and service tiers; higher carrier access shortens lead times and provides competitive shipping rates.

Look for WMS with real-time inventory, EDI/API integrations for order flows, barcode scanning, batch/lot tracking, and support for kitting and returns processing. For B2B, confirm ASN capabilities and cross-dock workflows to minimize touchpoints and accelerate fulfillment.

Key cost drivers include space rental rates, labor availability and productivity, handling fees (receiving, putaway, pick-and-pack), storage density and racking mix, and outbound shipping rates tied to carrier access. Also factor in utility costs for temperature-controlled storage and any bonded or customs handling fees.