Evaluate network coverage (proximity to target markets), carrier agreements and lead times, SLA metrics (OTD, accuracy, dwell), tech stack (WMS, EDI/API), capacity flexibility, value‑added services (kitting, cold chain, bonded), and measurable KPIs. Request transit time matrices, audit reports, and client references before contracting.

Pricing commonly includes storage by pallet or sqm, inbound/outbound handling, pick‑pack fees, and value‑added service charges. Key negotiables: minimum throughput commitments, seasonality clauses, slotting fees, billing cadence, and shared KPIs tied to performance credits. Validate accessorials and fuel or peak surcharges.

Expect shorter transit to central and western provinces (often same‑day or 1–2 days by truck). Rail to coastal ports typically adds 2–5 days depending on routing; China–Europe freight trains provide 10–18 day export lanes. Airfreight from Zhengzhou shortens export lead times but increases cost. Confirm carrier schedules and route frequency with prospective 3PLs.

Verify certified temperature‑controlled zones, monitoring and alarm systems, HACCP/GSP or relevant certifications, and audit histories. For bonded or cross‑border operations, confirm customs brokerage partners, bonded yard approvals, and IT connectivity for customs filings. Require SLA clauses for temperature excursions and traceability protocols.