Assess throughput capacity, SKU slotting and scalability, technology stack (WMS integrations, API readiness), and carrier contracts. Also review lead times to key markets, inbound receiving windows, and pricing models (pick & pack vs. storage tiers). Prioritize providers with transparent SLAs and billing to avoid hidden cost variance.

Verify dock-door counts, racking types, climate control, cross-docking capabilities, and equipment (forklifts, conveyors). Confirm access to air, road, and rail carriers, port feeder services, and last-mile courier networks. Check contingency plans for peak seasons and customs brokerage support.

Understand transit regimes, preferential trade agreements, and customs classification procedures affecting duties. Confirm 3PL customs brokerage experience, bonded warehouse options, and processes for temporary import/export. Efficient documentation handling reduces dwell time and demurrage risk.

Optimize network design to consolidate inventory near demand clusters, use zone-based or dynamic pick strategies, and negotiate hybrid pricing that lowers per-unit fees at higher volumes. Leverage value-added services like kitting, returns processing, and vendor-managed inventory to reduce downstream handling costs.