Prioritize multimodal connectivity (highway, rail, air), warehouse footprint and clear height, available labor skillset, WMS/OMS integration, and proven carrier-neutral distribution. Also evaluate SLA performance, scalability for peak seasons, security and compliance capabilities, and transparent cost models including billing cadence and accessorials.

Closer proximity to carrier hubs reduces transit days and lowers zoned parcel costs, improving customer experience and reducing expedited spend. Reliable rail and intermodal links enable consolidation savings for B2B freight, while balanced regional placement reduces the need for split stocking and lowers inventory carrying costs across channels.

Require an integrated WMS with event-level visibility, scalable labor models and seasonal workforce plans, automation for high-volume pick/pack (e.g., sortation or pick-to-light), and defined returns processing workflows. Confirm the 3PL’s capacity-flex clauses, surge pricing models, and performance metrics for peak tolerance.

Model landed cost using SKU-level demand, parcel zone distribution, inventory carrying costs, and safety stock impacts. Centralized sites reduce inventory fragmentation and overhead but can increase last-mile spend and transit times. Multiple regional sites lower delivery costs and transit days at the expense of higher inventory and facility costs—use scenario modeling to quantify service vs. cost trade-offs.