Key KPIs include order accuracy, on-time dispatch rate, warehouse cycle time (receiving to available stock), inventory accuracy, and cost-per-order. Also evaluate warehouse utilization, pick rate capacity, returns processing time, and SLA penalties to align service levels with customer expectations.

Carrier access affects lead times and shipping cost. Verify regional 3PLs have established relationships with national parcel carriers, LTL and TL providers, and options for express lanes. Check scheduled daily dispatch windows, cross-dock capabilities, and proximity to major arterial routes to minimize transit variability.

Require an API-enabled WMS with real-time inventory, order management, EDI or API integration with major eCommerce platforms, barcode scanning, lot/serial tracking, and reporting dashboards. Confirm support for batch picking, slotting rules, and automated alerts for stockouts and exceptions.

Common models include storage-by-pallet or cubic meter, pick-and-pack per order/line charges, receiving and putaway fees, kitting/VAS fees, returns processing, and handling for oversized items. Ask for modeled cost scenarios across peak seasons and different order profiles to identify true cost-to-serve.

Assess the provider’s labor flex programs, temporary space availability, throughput history during past peaks, access to surge staffing, and contingency plans. Review performance SLAs, capacity ramp timelines, and systems for queue management to ensure consistent fulfillment across channels.