Evaluate carrier connectivity and transit times, proven handling of SKUs (palletized and eCommerce picks), cold-chain capability if required, SLA metrics for order accuracy and lead times, warehousing costs (storage, handling, pick/pack), and seasonal accessibility. Also review IT integration, stock visibility, and dispute resolution processes.

Luapula’s proximity to northern corridors and the DRC border shifts focus toward road carriers with cross-border clearance experience. Transit plans should account for road condition variability, customs dwell times, and the need for carriers with regional permits. Where available, lake/river options can be used for bulk agricultural flows to reduce cost per ton.

Prioritize reliable road-accessible yard space, secure bonded or transit storage if handling imports/exports, basic temperature-controlled rooms for perishable goods, flexible cross-dock capacity for fast-moving SKUs, and scalable racking for seasonality. Match capability tiers to product risk, value, and turnover to avoid overpaying for unused services.

Track landed cost components (storage, handling, inbound/outbound freight, customs), order-to-delivery lead time, on-time-in-full rate, pick-and-pack accuracy, inventory days of supply, and claims or returns rates. Monitor carrier performance and seasonal cost variance to renegotiate contracts or adjust network design proactively.